HDPE 雙壁波紋管市政排水施工方案:溝槽開挖與回填壓實

2025-08-18


HDPE雙壁波紋管憑藉優異的環剛度和抗變形能力,在市政排水工程中應用廣泛。其溝槽開挖與回填壓實質量直接影響管道使用壽命,需嚴格遵循施工規範。以下從施工準備、開挖工藝、回填技術三方面闡述關鍵要點。

施工前期準備

施工前需完成現場勘察,採用全站儀進行軸線定位,放出溝槽開挖邊線及高程控制線。重點核查地下管線分佈圖,採用人工探坑法確認周邊燃氣、電力等管線位置,保持安全距離。針對軟土地層或地下水位較高區域,需提前設置輕型井點降水系統,確保地下水位降至槽底以下0.5m。同時準備級配砂石、中粗砂等回填材料,其含泥量應5%,最大粒徑不超過50mm。

溝槽開挖關鍵技術

根據土壤類別選擇開挖方式:砂性土採用0.5:1放坡結合鋼板樁支護,粘性土可按1:0.75自然放坡。機械開挖時預留20cm人工清底層,避免超挖擾動基底土。溝槽底部寬度按"管外徑+0.6m工作面"確定,當深度超過5m時設置臺階式邊坡,臺階寬度0.5m。槽底驗收需滿足平整度20mm/2m,承載力120kPa,不合格區域採用級配碎石換填處理,分層壓實厚度300mm。

回填壓實質量控制

回填分三個區域實施:管底腋角採用中粗砂對稱回填,用插入式振搗器密實;管頂以下50cm範圍內採用輕型壓路機靜壓,壓實度90%;管頂以上至地面採用振動壓路機分層碾壓,每層虛鋪厚度250-300mm,壓實度達到95%。壓實過程中監測管道豎向變形,當管徑800mm時變形量不得超過3%,且嚴禁在管道兩側不對稱回填。雨季施工需做好溝槽排水,回填土含水率控制在最佳含水率2%範圍內。

質量驗收標準

溝槽驗收重點檢查:槽底高程偏差30mm,中線位移50mm,邊坡坡度符合設計要求。回填壓實度採用環刀法檢測,每50m取3組試樣。管道安裝完成後進行閉水試驗,試驗水頭爲管頂以上2m,滲水量應0.05m³/(h·km)。施工全過程採用BIM技術進行三維交底,通過智慧工地系統實時監控溝槽沉降及管道位移,確保施工質量符合《埋地聚乙烯排水管管道工程技術規程》(CJJ/T 29-2010)要求。

通過科學規劃開挖流程、嚴格控制回填材料和壓實參數,可有效避免HDPE管道出現不均勻沉降。實際施工中需結合地質條件動態調整方案,特別注意雨季排水和冬季防凍措施,確保市政排水系統長期穩定運行。

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