PE 電力管室外直埋施工方案:防腐與機械損傷防護

2025-08-18


PE電力管因其耐腐蝕、重量輕、施工便捷等優勢,在室外電力管線直埋工程中應用廣泛。但直埋環境下的土壤腐蝕、外部荷載衝擊等因素易導致管道損壞,需通過科學的施工方案實現長效防護。以下從施工準備、防腐設計、機械防護及質量控制四方面闡述關鍵技術要點。

一、施工前環境評估與材料準備

施工前需對土壤進行腐蝕性檢測,通過pH值測定、電阻率測試及土壤成分分析,確定腐蝕等級。針對強腐蝕性土壤(pH9.0),需採用加強型防腐措施。同時檢查PE管材質量,確保其符合GB/T 13663.2標準,重點核查管材壁厚偏差、拉伸強度及耐候性指標,不合格管材嚴禁入場。

二、多層防腐體系構建技術

1. 管材本體防護

選用符合工程壓力等級的PE100級管材,確保原料純度(炭黑含量2.5%-3.0%)以提升抗紫外線老化能力。對於接口部位,採用電熱熔連接工藝,施工時需保證熔接面清潔度,熔接參數嚴格按管材廠家提供的工藝曲線執行,熔接後進行100%氣壓檢測(試驗壓力0.15MPa,保壓30分鐘無壓降)。

2. 複合防護層設計

在中度腐蝕土壤環境中,可採用"PE管+熱收縮套"雙層防護;強腐蝕環境下需增設環氧煤瀝青防腐塗層(幹膜厚度0.4mm)。施工時先對管材表面進行噴砂除鏽(達到Sa2.5級),再採用無氣噴塗工藝塗覆底漆,纏繞玻璃纖維布後塗刷面漆,形成完整防腐體系。

三、機械損傷綜合防護措施

1. 埋深與墊層設計

車行道下埋深不小於0.7m,人行道不小於0.5m,穿越機動車道時需加深至1.0m。溝槽底部鋪設200mm厚級配砂石墊層(粒徑5-31.5mm),採用平板振動器夯實(壓實度90%),避免尖銳物直接接觸管道。

2. 回填材料與工藝控制

採用分層回填法:第一層(管頂以下300mm)選用粒徑5mm的細沙土,人工夯實;第二層(300-500mm)採用素土回填,小型壓路機壓實(壓實度93%);上層按路基要求回填。回填過程中嚴禁使用建築垃圾或凍土塊,管頂500mm範圍內不得采用機械碾壓。

3. 警示與隔離措施

在管頂上方300mm處連續敷設警示帶(寬度200mm,印有"電力電纜 嚴禁開挖"字樣),警示帶搭接長度100mm。穿越道路或易受施工擾動區域時,需設置MPP保護管(管徑大於工作管兩級),保護管兩端延伸至路基外2m。

四、施工質量控制要點

1. 接口質量管控

電熱熔焊接前需校直管材,錯邊量10%壁厚。焊接完成後自然冷卻時間不少於30分鐘,冷卻過程中嚴禁移動管材。每個焊口需進行外觀檢查(無氣泡、翻邊均勻),並按5%比例進行破壞性試驗。

2. 防護層完整性檢測

採用電火花檢漏儀(電壓30kV)對防腐塗層進行檢測,以無擊穿現象爲合格。對於熱收縮套接口,需檢測其周向拉伸強度15MPa,剝離強度70N/cm。

3. 竣工驗收標準

管道敷設完成後,需進行高程複測(允許偏差50mm)、座標複測(允許偏差100mm)及密閉性試驗(試驗壓力0.2MPa,保壓1小時壓降0.02MPa)。驗收資料需包含土壤檢測報告、焊口檢測記錄、防護層檢測數據等完整文件。

通過上述系統性防護措施,可有效將PE電力管的直埋使用壽命延長至50年以上。工程實踐中需結合現場地質條件動態調整防護方案,重點關注接口處理、回填質量及警示標識的耐久性,確保電力管線長期安全穩定運行。

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