老旧管道改造:铸铁管与 PE 管怎么连接?过渡接头选型

2025-09-13

在城市更新和老旧管网改造的进程中,将原有老旧铸铁管道更换为更为耐用、耐腐蚀的PE管道已成为常见做法。然而,铸铁管与PE管作为两种材质、特性差异较大的管道,其连接问题常常困扰着施工人员。本文将重点探讨老旧管道改造中铸铁管与PE管的连接方法及过渡接头的选型要点。

铸铁管由于其材质特性,往往存在重量大、易锈蚀、安装不便等问题,而PE管则具有重量轻、耐腐蚀、柔韧性好、施工便捷等优势。在改造过程中,如何将这两种不同材质的管道安全、可靠地连接起来,是保证管网系统密封性和使用寿命的关键。直接连接显然不可行,必须依赖专门设计的过渡接头。

过渡接头的选型是连接成功与否的核心。首先,需要明确铸铁管与PE管的具体连接方式。常见的过渡接头连接方式有法兰式连接、承插式连接等。法兰式过渡接头通常适用于两端均为法兰接口的情况,通过螺栓紧固法兰片,利用密封垫片实现密封。这种方式连接可靠,拆卸方便,适用于管径较大或压力较高的场合。承插式过渡接头则是将铸铁管的承口或插口与PE管端通过特制的接头进行连接,有时会配合橡胶密封圈以增强密封效果,其安装相对简便,在中小管径的连接中应用广泛。

其次,管径规格的匹配至关重要。过渡接头的公称直径必须与待连接的铸铁管和PE管的管径完全一致,否则不仅无法安装,还会留下严重的安全隐患。在选型前,务必精确测量两端管道的实际内径或外径,特别是老旧铸铁管,可能存在一定的椭圆度或锈蚀导致的尺寸偏差,需要特别注意。

工作压力和温度也是选型时不可忽视的参数。不同型号的过渡接头都有其额定的工作压力和温度范围,必须确保所选接头能够满足实际管道系统的运行工况。如果管道输送的介质温度较高或压力较大,就需要选择耐压等级和耐温性能更高的专用过渡接头。

此外,过渡接头的材质同样需要考虑。接头与PE管连接的部分通常为PE材质,应选用与PE管等级相当的原料,以保证焊接(如热熔、电熔连接时)的可靠性和兼容性。与铸铁管连接的部分,其材质应具备足够的强度和耐腐蚀性,以抵抗可能的锈蚀和外部环境影响。

密封性能是过渡接头的灵魂。优质的过渡接头通常会采用多层密封结构或高性能的橡胶密封圈,如三元乙丙橡胶(EPDM)或丁腈橡胶(NBR)等,以确保在长期使用过程中不会发生渗漏。在选型时,应仔细查看接头的密封设计和密封圈的材质。

最后,安装的便捷性和施工条件也应纳入考量。不同类型的过渡接头安装工艺有所不同,应根据现场施工队伍的技术水平和现有施工设备进行选择,以提高施工效率,保证安装质量。

总之,在老旧管道改造工程中,铸铁管与PE管的连接需要谨慎对待。通过充分了解管道特性、明确连接需求,并从连接方式、管径匹配、工作参数、材质选择、密封性能及安装便利性等多个方面综合评估,才能选出最合适的过渡接头,确保改造后的管道系统安全、稳定、高效地运行。建议在选型过程中,咨询专业的技术人员或参考相关行业标准,以做出最优决策。



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